Insight into the CNG conversion journey in Lagos

A visit to Autogig International Resources Ltd. in Gbagada, one of six centers selected by the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (PCNGi) for free CNG conversion, provided an opportunity to explore the growing interest in compressed natural gas (CNG).

With prices of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) rising to over N1,000 per liter in some parts of Lagos, many vehicle owners are looking for ways to reduce fuel costs and CNG is seen as a viable alternative.

But what does the change involve? Nairametrics provides a detailed report on the process based on insights from Obalanlege Oluwafemi Joseph, the CNG Coordinator at Autogig International Resources Ltd. and Shamil Chandra, Operations Manager at MBH Power Limited in Ikorodu.

CNG Conversion Process: A Closer Look

Joseph explained that the conversion process begins with an inspection to determine the suitability of the vehicle. “Any vehicle with an internal combustion engine that operates according to the fire triangle – spark, fuel and air – common to most two-stroke and four-stroke engines is eligible to participate.” he remarked.

Once the vehicle is released, the conversion takes one to three days. “The steps include mapping the vehicle for the best positioning of the CNG kit, its installation and programming the electronic control unit (ECU) to ensure smooth operation.” Joseph added.

The process ends with a test drive to confirm that the system is working.

He made it clear that switching to CNG does not mean eliminating the need for petrol or diesel engines. “The vehicle becomes a hybrid that can switch between gasoline/diesel and CNG.” Joseph explained and emphasized the flexibility this provides.

This is how a CNG-powered vehicle works

After conversion, a vehicle can switch between CNG and petrol or diesel. Joseph explained that the change occurs after starting the engine using two key modalities in the ECU.

“In the time-based modality, the switch occurs within 60 seconds of starting the vehicle.” said Joseph. However, the timing can be adjusted depending on the owner’s wishes.

The temperature-based modality switches when the engine reaches a temperature between 20°C and 40°C, typically within a minute of starting.

Joseph noted that Autogig mainly uses the temperature-based system, while MBH Power Limited prefers the time-based method, which takes 15 to 30 seconds.

Both centers confirmed that vehicles converted to CNG will automatically switch back to petrol or diesel when the CNG runs out, ensuring the driver is not left stranded.

The cost of converting vehicles to CNG

In Lagos, commercial vehicles can access free CNG conversions at the six approved centers of the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (PCNGi).

The aim of this initiative is to reduce fuel costs for commercial vehicle owners. Eligible vehicles must be registered with the Road Transport Employers’ Association of Nigeria (RTEAN) or the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) or be government taxis and vehicles with commercial registration plates.

The conversion costs vary for private vehicles. At MBH Power Limited, converting a vehicle with four plugs costs N1.3 million while converting a vehicle with six plugs costs N1.5 million. Chandra noted that conversion of multiple vehicles at the same time is eligible for a discount of N50,000 per vehicle.

At Autogig, pricing depends on several factors such as the type of vehicle, the displacement of the engine and the size of the CNG cylinder, which ranges from 35 to 200 liters.

“On average, the cost ranges between 1 and 1.7 million naira depending on these factors.” Joseph explained.

Addressing Safety Concerns: Is CNG Safe?

Vehicle owners considering a CNG switch often have safety concerns. However, both Chandra and Joseph emphasized that CNG conversions are safe if done correctly.

“CNG cylinders are made from reinforced materials that can withstand extreme conditions and are far more robust than traditional fuel tanks.” Chandra explained.

He added that CNG is lighter than air, so in the event of a leak, the gas evaporates quickly, unlike gasoline, which collects on the ground.

Joseph echoed these sentiments, stating: “CNG is much safer than PMS. Since CNG weighs less than air, it is virtually impossible to cause an explosion.”

He clarified that the safety features of CNG systems, including pressure relief valves and automatic shutdown sensors, ensure safety in the event of leaks or irregularities.

The only potential problem, according to Joseph, is pressure explosion as CNG is compressed to 2900 psi (200 bar). However, this risk is minimized by relief valves, which release excess pressure, especially when refueling.

“CNG kits are equipped with a pressure gauge that allows vehicle owners to monitor pressure levels at all times.” he added.

Both experts emphasized that regular maintenance is key to ensuring continued safety and optimal performance.

The Cost of CNG Gas: A Cheaper Alternative?

One of the main reasons for switching to CNG is its lower cost compared to petrol or diesel. With PMS prices rising, CNG offers a cheaper option. At MBH Power Limited, CNG is sold at N480 per standard cubic meter (SCM).

“We are selling at this price because we buy from Falcon Gas at N450 per SCM.” Chandra explained.

Joseph added that CNG costs between N230 and N260 per SCM at other filling stations in Lagos. He also pointed out that CNG has a higher octane rating than gasoline, resulting in better performance, less carbon deposits on the engine and better emissions.

Chandra agreed, adding that CNG’s cleaner burning reduces engine wear, resulting in lower maintenance costs over time.

While the initial cost of conversion may deter some private vehicle owners, the long-term savings in fuel and maintenance make CNG a compelling option. Commercial vehicles, especially those that can be converted free of charge as part of PCNGi, benefit even more.

Possible disadvantages and challenges of the CNG conversion

Despite the benefits, the CNG transition comes with some challenges. A major issue is the weight of the CNG kit, particularly the cylinder, which can weigh up to 65kg.

This additional weight puts strain on the vehicle’s suspension system. To mitigate this, vehicle owners are advised to ensure their suspension systems are in good condition or replace them if necessary.

Another problem is the space required by the CNG cylinders, typically in the trunk of the vehicle, which reduces storage capacity. This can be inconvenient for drivers who regularly need the trunk for storage.

Additionally, there are fewer CNG filling stations compared to the large number of petrol and diesel stations in Lagos. This can be a limitation for vehicle owners as they may have to travel a longer distance to fill their tanks.

While these challenges are important considerations, they can be overcome with proper maintenance and preparation and should not deter vehicle owners from switching to CNG.

Where to convert vehicles to CNG in Lagos

The following centers have been selected for free conversion of commercial vehicles under the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (PCNGi). However, they also offer CNG conversion services for private vehicle owners and organizations:

Femadec: Km 42, Lekki-Epe Expressway, Majek Second Gate Stop, Abiju Ibeju, Lekki, Lagos.

Portland: No. 1, Ojota Interchange Terminal, Bayo Shodipo, Ojota, Lagos.

Mezovest: KM 23, Lekki-Epe Expressway, Ajah, opposite Kilimanjaro, next to Libmat Motors, near Abraham Adesanya bus stop.

Dana Motors: Dana Motors Ltd Kia Plaza, 117 Oshodi-Apapa Expressway, Isolo, Lagos.

MBH Power: Km 5, Itokim Road, Ikorodu, Lagos (in Hypo Complex, after Lucky Fiber).

Autogig: Plot 144b Gbagada Expressway, Gbagada, Lagos.

These centers offer expert services for both free conversion of commercial vehicles and paid conversion of private vehicles and businesses.

outlook

As fuel prices continue to rise in Lagos, CNG is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative due to its lower cost and environmental benefits. However, misunderstandings about the safety of CNG are hindering wider acceptance and highlighting the need for greater awareness.

Vehicle owners should familiarize themselves with the basics of the CNG system, including how to read pressure readings and how to properly maintain the system. Regular maintenance ensures that CNG systems remain safe and functional without negatively affecting vehicle performance.

Although the upfront cost of converting may seem high, the long-term fuel savings and lower maintenance costs make CNG an attractive option for both personal and commercial vehicles. Commercial vehicles in particular benefit from free conversions under PCNGi, which makes the switch even more advantageous.